The Basic Concepts Of Vibrating Screens

The Basic Concepts Of Vibrating Screens

What is a vibrating screen and what is its main purpose

Also referred to simply as a screen, a vibrating screen consists of a vibrating chassis that supports one or several surfaces or screen elements inside.

The screen serves to classify different particle sizes from bulk products in a continuous process. The inlet material (raw material) is pushed from the part where the screen is fed to the other end, and the particles are separated according to their size, shape or density. There is also a vibrating screen loaded by the center, and the product moves in the radial direction to the outer output.

In order for the product to advance correctly, the process must be continuous. If the screen surface is horizontal, it is due to vibration. Most screens have a certain inclination, and the advancement of the product is due to a combination of gravity and vibration.

Screening element

The screening element is a flat or slightly curved surface with perforations of a certain size, so that when the product is poured in bulk on the element, it only passes through those particles whose size is smaller than the perforation size.

The screening element can be a metal or nylon wire mesh, passing through a rod between the materials, a metal sheet with circular, square or hexagonal perforations, or a more or less hard rubber or polyurethane perforated sheet.

The type of components is selected according to the application, the nature of the product, the size and shape of the particles, abrasion resistance, adhesion, humidity and temperature.

A screen can have several screen elements on the top of each screen to form different floors. In this case, the floor slab with larger holes is placed on the upper part, while the members with smaller and smaller holes are installed on the lower floor in turn. In this way, each particle is trapped between the floor where the cutting point (opening) is larger than the particle and the floor where the cutting point is smaller.

Screening efficiency with vibrating screen is much higher

The traditional non-vibrating screen is composed of a fixed net with a large inclination angle. When vibration is introduced, the product vibrates and the particles jump on the screen surface without sliding. Each jump is an attempt by a particle to pass through a hole. If the machine vibrates, the probability of this happening is much greater. In other words, the effect is much greater.

When a particle jumps and falls again, it can do so in a hole or an area without holes. If the screening element is a wire mesh, the particles can fall on the wire or on another particle without squeezing through the hole through which it should pass. This is why the efficiency without a screen is 100%, because it requires an infinite number of jumps, so that all small particles, that is, holes, will leak.

The concept of screening efficiency is very clear: it is the weight of the particles actually filtered through the holes divided by the percentage of the total particles that should be sieved.

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